Peer-reviewed research co-authored by Binh Ba Ngo (Ngô Bá Bình) on the genome and safety of the probiotic strains Bacillus subtilis Eramic 25 and Eramic 26, published between 2025 and 2026.
01 · Published
Research and safety evaluation of the Bacillus subtilis Eramic 26 strain for application in probiotic production
Vietnam Journal of Science and Technology. 2026;68(2) · doi:10.31276/VJST.2025.3525
Authors
Đoàn Thị Thùy Linh, Đào Gia Bách, Lưu Thị Thủy Ngân, Ngô Bá Bình, Hoàng Thị Thanh Hoa, Nguyễn Vũ Trung, Lê Thị Hội
His role
Co-author (author 4 of 7)
This study evaluated the safety of B. subtilis Eramic 26 in accordance with GRAS guidance from the FDA and EFSA, through antibacterial activity testing against five indicator organisms (Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium, Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella flexneri), haemolysis and cytotoxicity assays in HT-29 and Vero cells, and genomic analysis of virulence and antibiotic resistance determinants. The strain showed no cytotoxic effect in either cell line. The resistance genes identified, including fosB, satA and ydhE/norM, together with mutations in gyrA and gyrB, were chromosomal and not associated with mobile genetic elements, and the strain carried genes for the bacteriocins bacilysin and subtilosin. The findings indicate that Eramic 26 is a safe strain with strong potential for application in probiotic production.
Le Thi H, Hoang Thi Thanh H, Dao Gia B, Doan Thi Thuy L, Luu Thi Thuy N, Nguyen Huu A, Bui Nhat L, Vuong Quang T, Dao Tuyet M, Ngo Ba B, Nguyen Vu T
His role
Project administration and supervision (author 10 of 11)
This genome announcement reports the draft genome of B. subtilis strain Eramic25, isolated in 2022 from a stool sample collected from a healthy volunteer in Hanoi under ethics approval 637/QĐ-ĐHYHN. The genome was sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq platform and assembled de novo, yielding a 3,855,385 bp draft genome with a GC content of 43.53% and 4,247 predicted protein-coding sequences, and multilocus sequence typing assigned the strain to sequence type ST123. Screening for virulence determinants confirmed the absence of the major toxin genes bceT, hblABC, nheABC, cytK, entFM and cesB, supporting the strain's safety profile as a probiotic candidate.
Comprehensive in vitro assessment of the safety profile of Bacillus subtilis Eramic 25 and its potential for application in the development of functional foods and health supplements
Tạp chí Dinh dưỡng và Thực phẩm (Vietnam Journal of Nutrition and Food). 2025;21(3) · doi:10.56283/1859-0381/892
Authors
Đoàn Thị Thùy Linh, Đào Gia Bách, Lưu Thị Thủy Ngân, Ngô Bá Bình, Hoàng Thị Thanh Hoa, Nguyễn Vũ Trung, Lê Thị Hội
His role
Co-author (author 4 of 7)
This study assessed the in vitro safety of B. subtilis Eramic 25 according to the Generally Recognised as Safe (GRAS) criteria of the United States Food and Drug Administration and the guidance of the European Food Safety Authority. The strain was tested for activity against pathogenic bacteria and for cytotoxicity in the Vero and HT-29 cell lines, and its genome was screened for virulence and antibiotic resistance genes. Eramic 25 showed no cytotoxicity in either cell line and carried no toxin-encoding or haemolysin genes, and its antibiotic resistance genes were not located on plasmids or mobile genetic elements, indicating a very low risk of antibiotic resistance gene transfer. The findings provide a basis for further studies in animals and clinical trials in humans.
